![]() Used on most American cars with a manual transmission, it allows the driver to shift gears more smoothly and makes the car run more quietly. Synchromesh TransmissionĪ synchromesh transmission is a manual transmission in which all forward gear wheels are held in mesh at all times. In cars having small engines transmissions with four or five forward speeds are used racing cars often have as many as six forward speeds. When the driver takes his foot off the clutch pedal, springs squeeze the friction disk into the space between the flywheel and the pressure plate, enabling the engine shaft to turn the transmission.įor many cars and for normal driving conditions a transmission with three forward gears and one reverse gear is sufficient. The commonly used dry single disk clutch has a steel disk with a friction lining that is sandwiched between a flywheel on the engine shaft and a pressure plate on the transmission input shaft. To allow smooth shifting from one gear to another, a clutch is provided to disengage the engine from the transmission. These ratios are called gears, first gear being the arrangement that gives the lowest output speed, second gear the next lowest, and so forth. ![]() These wheels are arranged so that by operating a lever the driver can choose one of several ratios of speed between the input shaft and the output shaft. The manual transmission is the simplest (and earliest) of transmissions, and consist of a system of interlocking gearwheels. While its speed is held roughly constant, the engine turns an input shaft on the transmission whose output shaft can be adjusted to turn the wheels at an appropriate speed. ![]() However, the wheels must turn with suitable torque over a wide range of speeds. Suitable torque, or turning force, is generated by the engine only within a narrow range of engine speeds, i.e., rates at which the crankshaft is turning. The transmission in automobiles is a system of parts usually contained within a housing, connecting the engine to the wheels.
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